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三、句子的構造
3.1簡單句simple sentence
主+述+…
簡單句只是一個獨立子句,沒有從屬子句。他的主句可能是單一主詞(Simple Subject)或複合主詞(Compound Predicate),他的述詞可能是單一述詞(Simple Predicate)或複合述詞(Compound Predicate)。故其組合可能有下列四種情形:
ⅰ.單一主詞+單一述詞(Simple Subject+Simple Predicate)
The coach walked back and forth trying to choose the best strategy.
The meal began with an appetizer and ended with dessert.
ⅱ.複合主詞+單一述詞(Simple Predicate+Compound Predicate)
Chinese and English are equally important.
The incumbent and his opponent engaged in a bitter campaign.
ⅲ.單一主詞+ 複合述詞(Simple subject + Compound Predicate)
They had a quarrel , but soon made up.
Shall I recite the lesson before you or write it down from memory?
ⅳ.複合主詞+複合述詞 (Compound Subject + compound Predicate)
Both the employer and the employees have reached an agreement and will abide by it.
Brother and sisters are like hands and feet and should therefore love one another.
3.2集合句compound sentence
主+述+…+ 並列連接詞 + 主+述+…
集合句是含二或二個以上獨立句子並且由連接詞(對等連接詞/連接副詞)或標點符號來連接。
●用對等連接詞連接兩個句子或以上的獨立子句。常用的對等連接詞如:and, but, or, for, so, nor, both…and, not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor, as well as.
A fresh wind had blown up and the clouds were breaking away before it.
His wife waited for him faithfully, but he never returned.
●用連接性的副詞連接兩個獨立子句。常用的這類副詞如:still, therefore, however, yet, now, accordingly, consequently, moreover.
He has had a good education; moreover, he is a genius.
The results were poor; however we were not surprised.
●用逗點(,)或分號(;)連接兩個獨立子句。
He is naturally quiet, she is noisy.
He hates to talk problems out, she wants to discuss everything.
本段文字節錄於《英文寫作輕鬆速成祕笈》,楊淑媚著,白象文化出版
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